A FEW IDEAS FOR DEMONSTRATIONS AND ILLUSTRATED TALKS

Marion County

A FEW IDEAS FOR DEMONSTRATIONS AND ILLUSTRATED TALKS
	There are lots of ideas for demonstrations and illustrated talks. It is suggested that 4-H members and leaders look through the entire list as there is some overlapping of subjects and hopefully these ideas may stimulate you for additional ideas. As you plan your demonstration, you need to Select a single, simple idea on which to build your demonstration Plan the body of the demonstration Plan the conclusion, include handling questions Then plan your introduction and select the title This approach sounds like it is in reverse order, but it works! Try it! Many people try to select a title, then plan the body of their talk and so forth. Bad idea! These possible demonstration or illustrated talk ideas may stimulate your thinking. This list is based on one that is many years old, so some of the topics may sound a bit dated. If you come up with new ideas, please be willing to share them! Don Nicholson 4-H Youth Specialist Nicholsond@missouri.edu
	This list includes ideas in each of these project areas! (In no particular order):
	Automotive Animal Science Dog Care Farmstead Improvement Entomology Discovering 4-H Dairy Knitting Electricity	Crops Crafts Beef Clothing Child Care Career Exploration Bicycle Forestry Foods	Swine Woodworking Tractor Rabbit Small Engines Poultry Photography Home Management Home Improvement	Home Grounds Geology Sheep Outdoorsman Rope Work Money World Horticulture Food Arts Horsemanship
	ANIMAL SCIENCE Digestive tract of cattle Importance of Amino Acids Digesting carbohydrates Understanding Crude and Digestible Protein Phenotype of Animals Genotype of Animals Heritability Estimates AUTOMOTIVE CARE & SAFETY Washing or waxing a car Removing tar spots, rust spots, tree sap, insect spots Cleaning glass surfaces Caring for tires Care of Chrome Cleaning the interior Care of the battery Changing oil and oil filter Cleaning and adjusting points Cleaning and adjusting spark plugs Testing a thermostat Flushing & care of radiator and hoses Different viscosities of oil Changing a wheel Changing a tire Cleaning a carburetor Packing a wheel bearing Hand signals Walking along roads Riding bicycle safely Bumper strips How to use a jack Check tire pressure How to keep records BEEF PRODUCTION Grooming for show Clipping head and tail Dehorning a calf Tattooing Castrating Handling in the show ring Spraying for external parasites Trimming feet Training horns, shaping and polishing Castrating Tying the animal for various operations Care and use of a syringe Making a rope halter Handling, loading and hauling to prevent bruises and scars Constructing a back rubber to control parasites Mixing a ration Mixing Minerals Care, maintenance, and adjustment of hair clippers Taking a forage sample Construction and care of grooming and show equipment Registering an animal: Treating for bloat Building a back scratcher How to build Artificial Shade Internal Parasites A stair-step loading chute A hazard-free feedlot The cuts of beef Cattle loading Beef Breeds Bedding a truck Making and using a canvas slapper Face Fly Control How to fit the animal for. show How to keep a good feed record Feeding steers Halter breaking Calves Inheritance with cattle How to vaccinate calves Weighing and measuring feed Bedding a stall Drenching a calf Teaching a calf to lead How to determine weights by measurements How to make a blanket from bran sacks How to control lice on cattle How to use the beef score card CRAFTS Ceramics made easy Using a camouflage My personal Stationary CROPS Selecting planter plates Testing seeds for germination Taking a soil sample Cleaning and adjusting a sprayer Tissue testing Testing for soil acidity Testing weight of grain Testing moisture content of grain Inoculating legume seeds Treating seed for disease control Weed seed & plant identification Handling & Storage of chemicals Determining & preventing harvesting losses Interpreting a soil test How seeds germinate Life cycle of a plant Parts of a seed How soil is formed Parts of a flower		BICYCLE Signals for driving Lights for night driving Horns Parking Coast Coasting Care of tires Hauling Passengers Adjusting the chain Adjusting Peddles How to measure chain tension How to adjust the seat to fit the rider Handlebar adjustment CAREER EXPLORATION Your future is up to you What is a career Career Decisions Difficult --Myth or Fact CHILD CARE: Bathing a baby. Feeding a baby (or toddler) Entertaining a child Making toys for children Preparing a child for bed Going baby Sitting Making a picture book Dressing a baby (or toddler) CLOTHING Threading a sewing machine Threading a needle and preparing for hand sewing Equipping a sewing box (good & bad examples, select suitable ones & tell why) Preparing fabric for cutting, straightening ends, pulling on bias, shrinking Laying a pattern Transferring a pattern markings Cutting out a garment (pinning and cutting), notches, with grain Stay stitching Seam finishes How to clip, grade & turn curved seams Sharp stitching a facing Reinforcing a kimono sleeve Putting in hems (use one or more types) Setting a sleeve (with moderate fullness or ease) Easing in fullness Placing of buttons & buttonholes Putting in a zipper Making a continuous placket Covering' a Belt Making thread belt guards Making different kinds of seams Altering a pattern (select one or two situations) Adjusting sewing machine (for different materials and threads) Putting on a collar Stitching darts Color coordinating a wardrobe Making buttonholes Pressing during construction Matching stripes or plaids Accessories for the costume Applying trimmings Mitering a corner Care and use of Steam iron Three ways to finish seams on cotton fabrics Choose clothes to suit the figure How to press wool Marking methods How to alter a pattern Removing stains from fabric Equipping a sewing box Using attachments Sewing on buttons, snaps, hooks & eyes Making repairs (mend tear, darn socks) Laundering a sweater (or other garment) Shining shoes Ironing a blouse Demonstrate good sewing habits How to make a pin cushion How to select anklets How to make a scarf How to use scissors Pinning before basting How to baste Making a pot holder Making and using a hem gauge Making seams for a slip Making neck finishes for a slip How to select materials How to select a pattern How to cut out a dress How to make scuffs Cutting Joining bias binding Pressing a cotton dress Preparing a garment for exhibit How to put in a shirt sleeve placket How to make a bound placket How to use a fitted facing How to darn How to make a slip strap How to lay a slip pattern on the material Scoring a slip Shrinking cotton materials Preparing a garment for exhibit Choosing your becoming colors Shrinking wool Darning a snag or tear in a wool dress Selecting suitable accessories for a wool dress
	KNITTING Basics of knitting (cast on, bind off, knit stitch, purl stitch) Increasing and decreasing Ribbing Sewing a seam Blocking a garment Laundering a knit garment Knitting with two colors Making designs (cable, seed, etc.) Checking gauge Altering instructions for proper fit Care of equipment DAIRY Estimating weight by measuring with a tape Removing excess teats Identifying an animal by photographs Care & handling of dairy equipment Floor plans for milking parlors Keeping a Dairy Record book Dehorning Testing milk for butterfat DAIRY GOAT (see Dairy) DISCOVERING 4-H How to adjust a bicycle seat for its rider Traffic Signs Traffic Signals Coasting Care of Bicycle tires Adjusting the chain Adjusting the pedals Handlebar adjustment How to make a first aid kit How to make a car bag How to make Thread Pictures How to make Dog Collars How to make Spray can covers How to make a braided belt How to make a Fur pillow How to thread a sewing machine Show different kinds of hand stitches How to regulate stitch length on your sewing machine (show several different lengths) How to make an Electromagnet How to make a Circuit Board How to make a Killing Bottle How to make a Collecting net How to make a pinning block How to make a spreading board How to make an insect display box How to mount insects Identifying insects How to build a Plant Press Packing the Plant Press Mounting Pressed plants How to separate sand, silt and clay of soils How to make a vegetable or fruit salad Equipment needed for making Cooking outdoors Stages of germination Rooting Plant cuttings How to build a Terrarium How to make string bubbles Build a Family Art Gallery Making articles of clay Stitch a wall hanging How to make a wooden article How to make a Card index for your rock specimen Identifying Rocks and Minerals Testing for hardness Making a crystal garden How to build book ends How to build a Paddle Wheel Boat Constructing a Birdhouse Constructing a nine block puzzle DOG CARE & TRAINING Showing dogs Lifting and carrying a puppy Building a kennel Feeding a dog Controlling fleas, ticks, mites Grooming a dog Bathing a dog Keeping a dog healthy Handling an injured dog Obedience training Teaching a dog tricks Registering a dog How to build a dog house Parts of a dog Care of newborn puppies		ELECTRICITY Making simple repairs Using heat lamps Building equipment that uses electricity How to build an appliance tester How to make a hot plate Today's adequately wired home Illuminated street numbers Clean motors for longer life How to make a portable yard light Automatic flood lighting Safety in using electricity Making an electric motor portable Making a toy motor Making and using a test light Reversing a motor Care and use of electrical appliances Selecting a lamp and shade Tying an underwriter's knot Using a light meter Choosing a light bulb Installing safety devises Cleaning a motor Splicing electrical wires Proper repair of extension cords How to put on my pin-up lamp Meet Mr. Light Bulb Mr. E. Electron extends his power Report control switching Fuse protection How to select & use proper light switches to control modern home lighting Simple lighting protection for you Fuse protection De-beaking and wing notching turkeys with electrical equipment How to select a good lamp . Wiring--Central helper for the home Wiring a room Reversing and care of split phase motors How to wire a two-way switch How to wire a relay How to use the volt, amp and ohm meters Making an electric brooder Making a trouble light How to read an electric meter The inefficiency of long extension cords Saving lives with a heat lamp Not defective but inadequate wiring How to make a western union splice How to wire a 4-way switch How to use a quick check analyzer Making a crystal radio Making a pigtail splice Building an intercom set Wiring multiple switches Remote control switching How to wire a switch, breaker, light & receptacle Importance of good lighting Inefficient use of electricity Friend or foe Equipping a portable study center To shed new light How to measure wattage How to check wiring layout Care and use of electric iron Making a new connection with appliance plug Selecting electrical equipment Proper use of tools ENTOMOLOGY Making a killing bottle Identifying insects Mounting insects Collecting insects Controlling insects Making an insect net How to handle bees FARMSTEAD IMPROVEMENT Constructing farm buildings Types of fences How to design a feedlot How to construct a cattle guard How to construct a farm gate Locating a farm pond Paints and their use How to plan a farm water system Arranging a farmstead Figuring crops, feed and livestock balances FORESTRY Making a leaf press Mounting a leaf, fruit or wood specimen Transplanting seedlings Using a compass Controlling and fighting fires Controlling insects and animals Cruising timbers Identifying trees
	FOODS Proper measuring Safety in the kitchen Packing for a picnic Packaging foods for the freezer Setting the table Mixing techniques Preparing a broiler meal Canning with the pressure canner Preparing a specific food (cookies, angel cake, milk drink, etc.) Preparing vegetables for the freezer Meal planning Cooking outdoors Lunch box meals Foods for a party Cook-out know how Chuckwagon delight A bit of better batter Coffee can cookout How to make breakfast pancakes One-minute frosting Jigsaw sandwiches Assembling a quick lemon cheese cake Bar-B-Que for Patio The art of salad making Tempting tacos 4-H chuck wagon Meal in a box Tricks and Treats with Milk Fancies How to frost a cake Good cocoa is easy to make Milk drinks that bring calls for more Make your own chocolate sodas and milk shakes Creamed chipped beef with hot corn bread for a quick meal Let's do a twist Have a coffee klatch The secret of fluffy soufflés Cheese casserole and scalloped dishes From waffles to vegetables with cheese sauce Cream soups with evaporated milk are nutritious Serve salads with variety--Use cottage cheese Eggless salad dressing with evaporated milk is a budget saver Cheese in salads or dressings add spice to the meal Whipped toppings dress up desserts--try whipping evaporated milk Have a cranberry sherbet for Sunday dinner Velvety custards can be used so many ways A cheese cake that is different The art of making cream cheese Cottage cheese is easily made at home Using buttermilk for cooking It's easy to sour evaporated milk Preparing the infant feeding formula with evaporated milk How to make a fruit drink How to make no cook candies How to make cookies How to measure ingredients Kitchen safety How to prepare fresh fruits How to make sandwiches How to freeze sandwiches How to wrap foods for freezing Choosing freezer containers How to freeze fruit Storage of fresh fruits and vegetables Drying vegetables and fruits How to soft cook an egg How to place and remove dishes at the table When to use knife, fork, spoon or fingers How to stack dishes How to make baked apples How to make applesauce How to buy fruit How to make fruit plate How to Cook eggs How to select eggs How to plan breakfast Making a biscuit mix Making biscuits or shortcake Preparing, cooking and serving a green vegetable Some ways to use leftovers in a salad Making and serving deviled eggs Preparing and using white sauce, as with creamed eggs Cookies for picnics Some ways to serve an egg a day Sandwiches for supper Setting the table for a company supper How to be a gracious hostess Making picnic sandwiches Good manners in the dining room How to make a salad How to make a salad dressing Simple milk desserts How to plan a cook out How to make quick breads How to can meats (hot or cold pack) How to freeze meat (pick one type) Length of storage Hoe to make Jelly How to cook frozen meats How to make food storage budget Setting a table for a buffet supper Decoration for a tea table Sandwiches and cookies for tea Varieties of yeast rolls Testing a Jar, lid and rubber Packing tomatoes in a Jar Wrapping preserved products for gifts How to use a pressure cooker Preparing vegetables for processing How to make yeast bread How to barbecue How to make ice cream Demonstrate use of tools How to use a broiler How to deep fat fry How to plan the day's meals How to make a cake How to make a sandwich bar Low calorie foods How to plan a food budget How to make a pie How to make cheese dish How to arrange tables for teas for receptions FOOD ARTS How to can a low acid vegetable How to can acid fruits and vegetables How to dry, curd, brine, pickle or smoke meat How to dry, cure, brine, or pickle fruits or vegetables How to can meat, poultry or fish How to freeze meat, poultry of fish Making Jellies, Jams & preserves HORTICULTURE Taking a soil sample Treating seed Transplanting Fertilizing Care of tools Staking and pruning tomatoes Controlling insects or diseases Handling chemicals Harvesting and storing vegetables Cleaning and adjusting a sprayer Planting seeds or potatoes Planning the garden Selecting good strawberry, blackberry, or raspberry plants Setting strawberry plants, blackberry plants or fruit trees Mulching strawberries, blackberries Pruning grapes Pruning blackberries How to spray gooseberries and grapes Mixing Bordeaux mixture How to protect trees against rabbits Selecting fruit for exhibit How to control insects on strawberries THE MONEY WORLD How to write a check Handling money How to figure interest (simple, compound, semi-annual, etc.) Savings account Stocks and bonds Preparing a budget Record keeping		GEOLOGY Identifying different types of soil Identifying rocks and minerals Identifying fossils Testing for hardness How to use a map Care of rock, mineral and fossil specimens Making a rock, mineral or fossil display How fossils are preserved Uses of geology in everyday living HOME GROUNDS Constructing a rock garden Planting bulbs or seeds Arranging flowers Making a corsage Picking and conditioning flowers Care of equipment Planting a window box Identifying plants, shrubs and trees Controlling insects Transplanting Propagating new plants Drying flowers for winter bouquets Pruning ornamental plants How to color flowers with chalk How to color flowers with dye How to trim shrubs Flower containers Flower arrangement shapes Types of arrangements How to plan a yard How to plan color schemes Advantages to screening buildings How to mow a lawn How to spray How to mix spray Preparing the ground and planting flower seeds Some ways to control insects and disease that affect annuals Transplanting flowers How to propagate perennials How to make and plant a rose cutting Propagation of shrubs and vines by tip, mound and vine layering Applying fertilizer to the lawn Weed control with 2, 4-D by the spray method HOME IMPROVEMENT Selecting a study lamp Finishing or refinishing furniture Framing pictures Care and operation of equipment (vacuums, etc. ) Cleaning a stove or refrigerator Waxing floors or furniture Organizing storage space Making accessories for the home Arranging furniture Selecting colors for decorating Care of table linens Cleaning silver Improving home lighting Making storage accessories Care of books Home filing system Correct laundering How to enamel varnished furniture Cleaning upholstered furniture HOME MANAGEMENT Using a bulletin board How to clean metals Caring for floors Use of memorandum pads Measure, cut and play house Applying decoration to a pillow case Mounting pictures How to cut a dresser scarf Making a pattern for a chair cushion Making a chair cover Arranging furniture in a dressing unit, a bad unit, reading unit or a study unit Making a dressing table of orange crates Making a stool for a dressing table How to store shoes Storing hats Removing the finish from furniture Refinishing a piece of furniture Hanging pictures Making a dustless dust cloth How to make a wall picket How to make a knife rack Making a pot holder How to make removable shelves Making clothes pin bag Sharpening knives Polishing knives and forks Ironing a dress, slip or shirt Making a bed Washing dishes How to fold a fitted sheet HORSEMANSHIP (also see beef) Care of the feet Care of the tack Cleaning a saddle or bridle Adjusting the equipment Saddling a horse Mounting and dismounting Types of bridles or saddles and their use Making a saddle blanket Checking for unsoundness in a horse Gaits of a horse Proper riding posture Western Riding Apparel English Riding Apparel Preparing a horse for show The overnight Trail Ride Rope magic Grooming a horse Cleaning an English saddle Parts of a horse Horse Physique No hoof--no horse Know what you are buying Parts of a saddle Lets dress right Soap your saddle Know your colors Tips for trail riders Your working stable Emergency rope halter Stable management Clean feet Bits and bitting Selecting a horse that fits Safety around horses Care of legs and feet. Horse of the desert Eight strand braid Common stable vices Unsoundness of legs Saddles, past and present Sitting the saddle Leads Cooling out The talking horse Horse shoes of interest Balanced feeding Tooth tales Elbow grease Parasites of horses Horse jumps The head--Key to a horse Breeding and foaling time Horse sense Skeletal structure Trimming the hoof Determining the horse's age How to ride a horse Parts of a saddle Unsoundness of the eyes How to bridle and saddle Making a rope halter Training a colt to lead and stand How to care for the colt's feet How to apply a Pratt's twitch Grooming a colt How to use the Scotch Hobble
	OUTDOORSMAN (also see forestry) Selecting equipment Care of equipment Safe use of equipment Selecting a camp site Setting up and using camp equipment Outdoor cooking First aid Identifying birds, fish, snakes, mammals, flowers' or trees Making fishing lures How to clean a gun (Gun safety) How to carry a gun in the car; in the field (gun safety) How to correct the sight on a gun (gun safety) How to make a good pond a safe place to swim (Water safety) How to give artificial respiration or reserve breathing (water safety) How to handle a capsized boat. (water safety) How to break the hold of a drowning person How to preserve shakes How to identify poisonous snakes How to treat a snake bite How to mount tree specimens PHOTOGRAPHY Loading a camera Posing a picture Holding a camera What makes a camera work? Mounting pictures Taking pictures indoors Selecting equipment POULTRY Making a range shelter De-beaking Controlling insects or diseases Grading and handling eggs How to vaccinate for chicken pox Quality eggs How to candle an egg Eggs desirable for hatching Feeding rations Coccidiosis Control Feeding wet mash Laying records Feeding records Worm control and treatment Storing eggs on the farm How to clean dirty eggs Making chick feeders and waters Drawing a blood sample Culling Caring for baby chicks Sanitation measures Casing and storing eggs Mixing poultry feed RABBIT Picking. up a rabbit Tattooing a rabbit Building a hutch Caring for the litter Sanitation measures Feeding rabbits Caring of Pelts or wool Preparing Rabbits for show		ROPE WORK Splicing a rope Tying knots, hitches, etc. Making a rope Casting Making a halter Using pulleys and mechanical advantages Selecting rope and caring for it SHEEP (also see beef) Blocking for show Docking and castrating Drenching for internal parasites Catching and handling Spraying for external parasites Shearing a sheep Determining the age of sheep Preparing drenching fluids Making a lamb feeding creep Grading wool Care of wool at shearing time Care of a fleece How to block a lamb Shearing skills Lamb docking How to Judge lambs Care of the ewe and lamb How to inspect ewes -(mouth, udder and fleece) Tying a fleece Preparing a bluestone drench How to tell when a lamb is fat How to handle sheep when Judging Preparing a 'mineral feed for sheep SMALL ENGINES (also see automotive) Tuning an engine Repairing an engine Preparing an engine for storage Handling, mixing and storing fuel Trouble shooting Cranking an engine Safe use of lawn mowers My two-cycle engine Grades of oil How to get spark Adjusting a carburetor The importance of clean air Trouble shooting made easy Maintenance and safety check. Use of special tools How to correctly start and stop How to service engines How to tune engines How to prepare for winter storage How a carburetor works How a magnet works Identification of engine parts TRACTOR Maintenance Cleaning a carburetor Packing a wheel bearing Battery care Tuning a tractor Safe operation Filling and using a grease gun Care of the air cleaner Cleaning an oil filter How to clean and re-gap a spark plug How to check alignment of the cutter bar on a mower Making a coulter adjustment on a plow How to do a daily maintenance and safety check Proper use of tool/tools (do's don'ts, & why's) How to rivet Proper way to hook-up remote hydraulic Cylinders and use travel lock How to check cylinder compression How to grind a valve How to improve tire life and reduce wear Explaining the power drain of a tractor How to measure field losses of crops How to determine cylinder speed on a harvester
	SWINE A stair step loading chute Bedding a truck Making and using a canvas clapper Using a heat lamp for pigs How to clip a pig's needle teeth How to ear notch How to spray for mange Preparing the hog house at farrowing time Weighing feeds Worming pigs How to give an iron shot How to fit swine for show How to trim a pig's feet Construction of a creep feeder Castration How to use a farrowing crate Safe hauling Making a moveable loading chute A hazard-free feedlot Mixing a gilt ration Treating for anemia Selecting breeding stock Examining and treating for lice and mange Probing for back fat Making a farrowing crate Making a hand gate for moving swine The meat type hog Swine breeds Saving little pigs Major diseases Swine sanitation Saving orphans Swine testing Sono-ray How to register a litter How to keep litter records How to care for a sow during farrowing How to mix rations How to vaccinate a litter How to make a heat lamp		WOODWORK Adjusting the plane Using the plane Squaring on a board Using up a board Using the hand crosscut saw Using a rip saw Sharpening the plane iron Setting the cross-cut saw Cutting, common rafters Figuring ,rafters with the square Filing the saw Fitting the wood chisel Sharpening the auger bit Sharpening the cabinet scraper Storage of tools Working area arrangement Replacing a hammer handle Reading plans and blueprints Preparing a bill of materials Determining grades lumber Uses of the framing square Cleaning of and cane of paint brushes Selecting woodworking tools Storing lumber Making working ~ drawings Figuring board feet Measuring and marking wood Reading a rule Using the combination, square Using the level Using and testing the level Sawing of a board Sawing miters Using the coping saw Using the key hole or compass saw Planing end grain Marking and planing a chamber Different types of planes Using sand paper Making a dado and rabbet cut Using the brace Boring a hole in wood Different kinds of nails Fastening wood with nails Fastening wood with screws Using the automatic push drill Driving nails and pulling nails Toe-nail and drew nailing Determining the size of hole for screws Counter sinking Using the screw driver Fastening with glue Doweling Using the draw knife Using the spike shave Using rasps and files Sawing curves Painting with a brush Varnishing and staining Thinning and mixing paint Estimating amount of paint required Preparing the surface for painting Selecting and using oil stones Cleaning tools Using dividers Types of squares and their uses Marking holes for drilling Jointing a hand saw Perspective drawing Shop drawings Protective devices in the home shop Testing a square and level Gaging Sawing curves Assembling and disassembling the plane Kings and uses for sandpaper Gaining Attaching butt hinges Sharpening twist drills Clinching and setting nails Determining size of tools Refinishing Planning the woodwork project Using the try square Common wood joints Using wood filler Different kinds of wood and their uses Woodworking tools Constructing and small project Repairing Selecting the proper tools and their uses Clamping glued joints Kinds of plywood and their uses Using the block plane Drawing from a pattern Enameling Selecting the paint brush


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		University of Missouri Extension Marion County marionco@missouri.edu Updated 05/21/04